css - how to "chain" selector together and apply the same function in jQuery -

The title may not really tell what my question is.

  & lt; Ul & gt; & Lt; Li & gt; & Lt; / Li & gt; & Lt; Li & gt; B & lt; / Li & gt; & Lt; Li class = "test" & gt; C & lt; / Li & gt; & Lt; Li & gt; D & lt; / Li & gt; & Lt; / Ul & gt;   
 What I am trying to do is apply the background color to the adjacent brothers with an element "exam", and with itself, three of them Background color will be why I have to do the following.  
  $ ('ul li.test'). Css ('background', 'red'); $ (this). Css ('background', 'red'); $ (this) .next () CSS ('background', 'red');});   
 Which is a way of doing something like this, what I think is a pretty ugly coding $ (back, next, next). Some functions () Thanks   
 
 
 To add an element to the set of matched elements,  Add () :  
  $ (this) .add ($ (this) .prev ()) .add ($ (this) .next () ) CSS ('background', 'red').   
 or  .addback ()  (for jQuery versions prior to 1.8 with  .andSelf () ):  > 
  $ (this) .prev () addBack () next () addBack () CSS ('background', 'red') ....